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Source information

About the major sources of the terms and usage examples collected in the dictionary and corpus.

Major sources

It is not surprising that the Crown produced a large proportion of the source texts for this dictionary, across the entire time period. Major sources in the Corpus include:

  • land deeds
  • the Kāhiti (the Māori language gazette produced until 1932)
  • Native Affairs Committee reports on petitions (from 1872–1962)
  • speeches of Māori members of Parliament (1881–1906, and from 2000)
  • Māori language translations of Bills and Acts (1881–1910).

Engagement

A smaller, but no less important, proportion of the source texts was generated by Māori engaging directly with the Crown and each other in legal discourse. Those sources include:

  • proceedings of the Kotahitanga parliaments and petitions
  • submissions and evidence before tribunals and Parliament and correspondence.

The 181 years covered by the source documents that enabled the construction of this dictionary show a great deal of orthographic and lexical change. The list that follows shows that breadth. You can also read a list of major source abbreviations for this dictionary.

Secondary research sources

Extra English-language information provided in dictionary entries are sourced from published books, articles, unpublished papers and other resources. With the exception of the dictionaries, these sources have all been referenced directly in the entries of the printed dictionary He Papakupu Reo Ture—A Dictionary of Māori Legal Terms (LexisNexis, 2013).

Published books

  • Benton, Richard, Alex Frame and Paul Meredith (eds) ‘Te Mātāpunenga: A Compendium of References to the Concepts and Institutions of Maori Customary Law’:Victoria University Press, 2013.
  • Boast, Richard. Buying the Land, Selling the Land. Wellington: Victoria University Press, 2008.
  • Hill, Richard. State, Authority, Indigenous Autonomy: Crown-Māori Relations in New Zealand/Aotearoa 1900–1950. Wellington: Victoria University Press, 2004.
  • Lange, Raeburn. Let the People Live: Māori health development 1900–1920. Auckland: Auckland University Press, 1999).
  • Office of Treaty Settlements. Healing the Past, Building a Future. Wellington: OTS, 2000.
  • O’Malley, V. Agents of Autonomy: Māori Committees in the 19th Century. Wellington: Huia Publishers, 1998.

Articles

  • Parkinson, P. ‘Strangers in the House: The Māori Language in Government and the Māori Language in Parliament 1840–1900’, Victoria University Law Review (2001), 32, 865.
  • Stephens, M. ‘A Return to the Tohunga Suppression Act 1907’, Victoria University Law Review (2001), 32, 2, pp. 437–462.

Unpublished papers and other resources

  • New Zealand’s Lost Cases Project
  • Bennion, T. Māori and Rating Law, Rangahaua Whanui National Theme I, Waitangi Tribunal, July 1997.
  • Boast, R.P. ‘Emergency Powers in New Zealand Legal History’, background paper for the New Zealand Law Commission, 1989.
  • Reports of the Waitangi Tribunal
  • Report of the Waitangi Tribunal on the Wellington District Claim, Wai 145, 2003.
  • Report of the Waitangi Tribunal on the Central North Island Claim, Wai 1200, 2008.

Dictionaries

  • Aotahi Ltd. Taking care of business: Business terms in Aotearoa, He papakupu pakihi: English-Maori business directory. Te Kuiti: Aotahi, 2005.
  • Duval, Terry P.A. ‘A preliminary dictionary of Maori gainwords compiled on historical principles.’ Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand, 1995.
  • Moorfield, J. & Ka’ai, T. He Kupu Arotau—Loanwords in Māori. Auckland: Pearson, 2011.
  • Moorfield, J. Te Whanake: Te Aka—Māori-English, English-Māori Dictionary and Index. Auckland: Pearson/Longman, 2005.
  • Ngata, H. M. English-Māori dictionary. Wellington: Learning Media, 1993.
  • Spiller, P. (ed.) New Zealand Law Dictionary. Fifth edition. Wellington: LexisNexis, 2001.
  • Spiller, P. (ed.) New Zealand Law Dictionary. Sixth edition. Wellington: LexisNexis, 2005.
  • Te Taura Whiri i te Reo Māori. Te Matatiki: Contemporary Māori Words. Auckland: Oxford University Press, 1996.
  • Te Taura Whiri i te Reo Māori. He Pātaka Kupu—Te Kai a te Rangatira. Wellington: Raupo, 2008.
  • Williams, H.W. Dictionary of the Māori Language. Seventh edition. Wellington: Government Printer, 1971.

Electronically available dictionaries

Wakareo ā-Ipurangi dictionaries (available to subscribers only):